AC joint osteoarthritis

Understanding AC Joint Osteoarthritis

The acromioclavicular joint (ACJ) is where the collarbone (clavicle) meets the highest part of the shoulder blade (acromion). This small joint plays a key role in helping you lift and rotate your arm. It’s supported by surrounding muscles, tendons and ligaments that allow smooth and stable movement.

AC Joint Osteoarthritis is a degenerative condition that affects this joint. It often develops due to wear and tear over time or following an injury. As the protective cartilage covering the ends of the bones wears away, the bones begin to rub against each other. This can cause inflammation, pain, and reduced mobility. Over time, the body may respond by producing extra bone (known as bone spurs), which further restricts movement and aggravates soft tissues around the joint.

Common Symptoms

Symptoms of AC Joint Osteoarthritis can vary but often include:

•    Pain when lifting your arm above shoulder height or moving it across your body
•    Tenderness over the top of your shoulder
•    Stiffness or reduced range of motion, especially after rest
•    Discomfort when sleeping on the affected side
•    Visible swelling near the top or front of the shoulder
•    Clicking, grinding, or a catching sensation during shoulder movement

Diagnosis and Treatment at Sulis Hospital

At Sulis Hospital, our expert orthopaedic consultants have extensive experience in diagnosing and treating AC Joint Osteoarthritis.

Assessment and Diagnosis

Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination and imaging tests, such as:

•    X-rays or CT scans to assess joint damage
•    MRI or ultrasound scans to evaluate the surrounding muscles, tendons, and ligaments

Non-Surgical Treatment Options

In many cases, symptoms can be managed without surgery. These treatments may include:

•    Medication: Anti-inflammatory medicines (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen, can help reduce pain and swelling.
•    Rest and Ice: Reducing activity and applying ice packs may help ease symptoms.
•    Physiotherapy: Our physiotherapists will create a personalised exercise programme to improve shoulder strength, flexibility and range of motion.
•    Steroid Injections: Corticosteroid injections into the AC joint can provide temporary relief from pain and stiffness by reducing inflammation.

Surgical Treatment

If non-surgical approaches are not effective and your symptoms significantly impact daily life, surgery may be recommended.

Resection Arthroplasty (AC Joint Excision)

This minimally invasive procedure involves removing a small section of the collarbone to create space within the joint, preventing the bones from rubbing together. The surgery is typically performed using arthroscopic (keyhole) techniques by one of our specialist orthopaedic surgeons.